Both the World Bank and the World Health Organization declare Egypt to have eliminated hepatitis C from its entire population. How was this done, and why hasn’t it been done in the United States or any other country regardless of income? Our analysis of the Egyptian program suggests there are three main barriers to eliminating hepatitis C. Most important of these is political will. The second is the organization of public health systems to implement the program and finally, the third barrier is the cost of the diagnostic tests and treatment