World Health Organization (WHO), the Health Sector lead agency, is collaborating with the WASH sector to tackle the cholera outbreak in the Rohingya camps through the Joint Assessment and Response Team (JART). Cholera is a significant threat in refugee settings and among migrant populations because of overcrowding, insufficient access to clean water, and poor sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services.

Globally, cholera affects around 2.9 million people annually, resulting in approximately 95,000 deathsi .  Between June and July 2024, there has been a significant resurgence of cholera cases worldwide. WHO has reported nearly 195,000 cases and over 1,900 deaths across 24 countries since the beginning of the year 2024. The highest number of cases has been in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, followed by the African Region, the Americas, Southeast Asia, and European regionii.